特别策划车内空气质量专题

近几年来，每年的3.15晚会都会曝光一些车内空气质量的问题。从低价位的自主品牌到高价位的高端品牌，纷纷中枪。不过这都是零星的报道，还未进入大众的主要关注视野。

2012年，政协委员李书福先生提交了《关于提升车内空气质量、防范车内环境污染》的提案，
更是将车内空气质量推向了全民关注的高峰，普罗大众都意识到，车内空气污染问题，已是选
购新车的一个重要考量标准。在此后的2年，各种改善车内空气质量的新车型，不断涌现市场。
比如提倡"车内北欧空气"的沃尔沃的S60L。

SHANGHAIJINHURILISULIAOYOUXIANGONGSI

DIANXUN：400-920-1213

车内空气的4个主要污染源

1、QICHELINGBUJIANHECHENEIZHUANGSHICAILIAOZHONGSUOHANYOUHAIWUZHIDESHIFANG。BAOKUOQICHESHIYONGDESULIAOHEXIANGJIAOBUJIAN、ZHIWU、YOUQITULIAO、BAOWENCAILIAO、ZHANHEJIDENGCAILIAOZHONGHANYOUDEYOUJIRONGJI、ZHUJI、TIANJIAJIDENGHUIFAXINGCHENGFEN，ZAIQICHESHIYONGGUOCHENGZHONGSHIFANGDAOCHENEIHUANJING，ZAOCHENGCHENEIKONGQIWURAN。WURANWUZHUYAOYOUBEN、JIABEN、JIAQUAN、TANQINGHUAHEWU、LUDAITINGDENG，CHENEICAILIAOSHIFANGDEWUZHIHAISHICHENEINANWENYIWEIDEZHUYAOLAIYUAN。JUDIAOCHA，20SHIJI90NIANDAISHI，WOGUOQICHEPINGJUNSULIAOYONGLIANGZHIYOU14—28GONGJIN/LIANG，ERTONGQIFADAGUOJIAWEI100—130GONGJIN/LIANG，CIHOUSUIZHECAILIAOJISHUDEJINBUYIJIWEIMANZUJIANGDICHEZHONGDEYAOQIU，QICHESULIAOYONGLIANGBUDUANZENGJIA。MUQIANSULIAOYONGLIANGYIJIEJIN80GONGJIN/LIANG，ZHANHEJIDEYONGLIANGYEDADAO5—27GONGJIN/LIANG。

2、CHEWAIDEWURANWUJINRUCHENEI。RUGUOMIFENGBUYAN，WAIJIEHUANJINGDEWURANWUJIANGJINRUCHENEIHUANJING，ZAOCHENGCHENEIKONGQIWURAN。WURANWUZHUYAOYOUTANQINGHUAHEWU、YIYANGHUATAN、ERYANGHUALIU、DANYANGHUAWU、KELIWUDENG。ZAIDAQIWURANZUIWEIYANZHONGDE2013NIAN，ZAIBEIJINGRENRENCHUMENDAIKOUZHAO，YIZHIYUKOUZHAOTUOXIAO，MOUPINPAIQICHEYESHUNSHIERWEIDACHULE"CHENEISHIBEIOU，CHEWAISHIBEIJING"，KEJIANZAIGUONEIDETEDACHENGSHI，KONGQIWURANDUOMEDEYANZHONG。

3、QICHEZISHENPAIFANGDEWURANWUJINRUCHENEIHUANJING。RUQICHEFADONGJI，QIYOURANSHAOBUCHONGFENCHANSHENGDETANQINGHUAHEWU、ERYANGHUALIU(SO2)、QIANHUAHEWU、BENBING(a)BIDENGYOUHAIWUZHI，BAOKUOTONGGUOPAIQIGUAN、QUZHOUXIANG、RANYOUZHENGFADENGTUJINGPAIFANGDEWURANWU；HUOCHENEIKONGDIAOZHANGQISHIYONGHOUFENGDAONEIJILEIDEWUWUDUICHENEIKONGQIZAOCHENGWURAN。WURANWUZHUYAOYOUTANQINGHUAHEWU、YIYANGHUATAN、DANYANGHUAWU、WEISHENGWU、BEN、XITING、FANGXIANGTINGDENG。ZHEIXIEWURANWU，JIEDUICHEZHUDEJIANKANGGOUCHENGYANZHONGWEIXIE。

4，YIXIERENXIHUANZAICHELIPENSAXIANGSHUI，YONGYIZHEGAICHENEIYIWEI，QISHIHENDUOXIANGSHUISHIHUAXUEHECHENGWU，BENSHENJIUHANYOUHAIWUZHI，HUIJIAZHONGWURAN，ERQIEXIANGSHUIYEWUFAXIAOCHUJIAQUANDENGDEWEIHAI。YIBANLAIJIANG，CHENEIZHUANGSHIYUEDUO，CHANSHENGKONGQIWURANDEKENENGXINGYUEDA。

车内空气污染源总结

TONGGUOYISHANGJIDIANKEZHI，CHENEIKONGQIWURANYUANYUANBUZHIGONGZHONGSHUXIDEJIAQUAN，HAIYOUGEZHONGBENXIWU、TANQINGHUAHEWUDENGDUIRENTIJIANKANGZAOCHENGYANZHONGWEIXIEDEDUOZHONGWUZHI。WEICI，JIEJUECHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGWENTI，RENZHONGERDAOYUAN。

有机物	无机物
苯甲苯二甲苯乙苯甲醛乙醛丙烯醛丙酮苯乙烯苯并(a)芘	一氧化碳(CO) 二氧化硫卤代烃铅化物颗粒物微生物

世界各国车内空气质量标准法规概述

目前车内空气质量检测，主要检测有机物的浓度，世界其他各国对于车内空气质量标准的要求不一，虽然目前还没有一个统一的标准，但是目前都以保护消费者健康为标准。详见下表

国家	要求	备注
美国	MEIGUOHUANBAOJUYAOQIUQICHEZHIZAOCHANGSUOSHIYONGDECAILIAOBIXUSHENBAO，BINGBIXUJINGGUOHUANBAOBUMENSHENCHAYIQUEBAODUIHUANJINGHERENTIWEIHAICHENGDUDADAOZUIDIDIANHOUCAINENGSHIYONG。	SHENBAOZHEYIDANWEIFANGUIDING，JIANGFUDANJUEDEFAKUAN，HAIYAOZHAOHUICHANPINQINGLIWURAN，ZHUYAOFUZERENSHENZHIHUIBEIPANXING。
德国	(1)QICHEBENSHEN、ZHUANGZAICHENEIDESULIAOPEIJIAN、DITAN、CHEDINGZHAN、SHAFADENGXUFUHEDEGUO“LANTIANSHI”HUANBAOBIAOZHIDEYAOQIU。(2)CHENEIZHUANGSHI，ZUOTAODIAN、JIAOZHANJIDENGZHUANGSHICAILIAOHANYOUDEBEN、JIAQUAN、BINGTONG、ERJIABENDENGBIXUDIYU“DEGUOSANJICHENEIHUANBAOBIAOZHUN”，BIRUCHENEIJIAQUANHANLIANGBUNENGCHAOGUO0.08mg/m3。(3)QICHEXIAOSHOUQIANHAIBIXUJINGGUOYOUDUKONGQISHIFANGQI。	DEGUOGULISHIYONGTIANCHUANG。DEGUOQICHEFEICHANGZHONGSHICHENEIKONGQIJINGHUAQIDEPEIBEI，SHIYONGFENGWOHUILIUSHIDEKONGQIJINGHUAQIXIAOGUOGENGMINGXIAN。
日本	RIBENJIDONGCHEXIEHUI(JAMA)2005NIANFABULE《XIAOJIAOCHECHENEIKONGQIWURANZHILIZHINAN》，GAIZHINANYEFABULEJAMAJIANYIDECESHIFANGFA，ZAI40°CDEZHUANGTAIXIACELIANGJIAQUANPAIFANG，RANHOUKAIQIKONGDIAO，KONGZHIMUBIAOSHI25°C，ZAIGAIZHUANGTAIXIACELIANGVOCsPAIFANG。	RIBENQICHECHANGSHANGKAIFALECHUJUNGONGNENGDEXINXINGQICHEKONGDIAODENG，ZAICHUCHANGQIAN，HAIYOUZHUANRENZHENDUI“CHENEIWEIDAO”JINXINGGANGUANPINGJIA。
韩国	2007NIAN6YUE5RI，HANGUOJIANSHEBUBANBULE“XINGUIZHIZUOQICHEDESHINEIKONGQIZHILIANGGUANLIBIAOZHUN”，GAIGUANLIBIAOZHUNGUIDINGLEXINSHENGCHANCHEDEHUIFAXINGWURANWUPAIFANGJIANCEFANGFAHEBIAOZHUN。	GAODANGCHEYIBANPEIBEIAQSKONGQIZHILIANGCHUANGANQI，YIDANCHEWAIDEKONGQIZHILIANGCHAOBIAO，AQSHUIZIDONGQIEDUANFENGMEN，ZUZHIFEIQILIURUCHENEI。
俄罗斯	ZAI1999NIANZHIDINGBINGSHISHILEP51206-98HAO“CHELIANGCHENEIWURANWUPINGJIABIAOZHUNJIFANGFA”DEGUOJIABIAOZHUN。	DUIJIASHISHIZHONGDECONONO2C3H4ODEZUIGAONONGDUFENBIEZUOCHUXIANZHI，YIKONGZHICHENEIKONGQIDEWURAN。
澳大利亚	BACHENEIHUANJINGLIEWEISHINEIHUANJING，ZAIZHIDINGJIANKANGBIAOZHUNSHI，BACHENEIHUANJINGHEBANGONGSHI、JIAOSHIDENGBINGLIE。
中国	FABU《CHENGYONGCHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGPINGJIAZHINAN》TUIJIANBIAOZHUN。ZHEIXIANGBIAOZHUNZHONG，GUIDINGLEBEN、JIABEN、ERJIABEN、YIBEN、BENYIXI、JIAQUAN、YIQUAN、BINGXIQUANZHEI8ZHONGWUZHIDENONGDUYAOQIU。TASHIYONGYUXINCHE，SHIYONGZHONGDECHELIANGYEKECANZHAO。	CIBIAOZHUNZAIZHIDINGSHICANKAOLEGUOWAIBIAOZHUN，DANBUJIOUMENG、BEIMEIDENGDIQUYANGE。

TONGGUOYISHANGSHUJUKEZHI，MUQIANGUONEIDUIYUCHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGYUDEGUO、MEIGUODENGFADAGUOJIAHAIYOUJIAODADECHAJU，WOGUOZHUYAOKONGZHIZHENGCHEDEBUFENWURANWUZHIBIAO，ERDUIYUQICHEZHIZAOZHONGSHIYONGDECAILIAOFANGMIAN，WEIZUOMINGQUEGUIDING。

我国车内空气质量国家标准

WOGUOCHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGGUOJIABIAOZHUNZHUYAOCANKAOOUMENGHEMEIGUODESHUJUZHIDING，DANSHIBUJIOUMEIDUIYUCHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGYAOQIUYANGE，XIANGJIANXIABIAO：

单位：mg/m3
序号	项目	浓度要求
1	苯	≤0.11
2	甲苯	≤1.10
3	二甲苯	≤1.50
4	乙苯	≤1.50
5	苯乙烯	≤0.26
6	甲醛	≤0.10
7	乙醛	≤0.05
8	丙烯醛	≤0.05

行动：部分企业自主提高车内空气质量

SUIRANWOGUOHAIMEIYOUXIANGMEIGUO、DEGUONEIYANG，CONGQICHEZHIZAOGUOCHENGZHONGDECAILIAO、LINGBUJIANFANGMIANZHEIMEXIZHIDEKONGZHICHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGDEBIAOZHUN，DANSHIRUZHIMINGQICHECHANGSHANGWOERWO、CAILIAOCHANGSHANGJINHURILIDENG，YIJINGCONGKAISHIANZHAOOUMEIBIAOZHUNLAICONGYUANTOUSHIXIANKONGZHICHENEIKONGQIZHILIANG。

BIRUWOERWOQICHE，TUICHUDES60L，SHOUXIANSHISHUIRONGXINGGEYINCAILIAO，CONGERCHEDIBIMIANLECHUANTONGLIQINGGEYINCAILIAODEYOUHAIQITIWURAN。QICISHIIAQSCHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGKONGZHIXITONG，KEZIDONGJIANCECHENEIKONGQIZHILIANG，BINGKONGZHIKONGDIAOJINQILIANG。YIJIHUANBAONEISHICAILIAODEXUANZE，SHIXIANLECHENEI“BEIOUBANDEKONGQI”。

YOUZHEZHONGHANHEZIBEIJINGDECAILIAOCHANGSHANGJINHURILI，YETUICHULEDIVOCDISANFADEQICHEHUANBAONEISHICAILIAO，CONGCAILIAOPEIFANGKAISHIYANGEKONGZHIYOUJIWUDESANFA，BINGFUYIZHENKONGBAOZHUANG，DAFUTIGAOLECAILIAODEHUANBAOXINGNENG，YIYINGYONGZAIZHULIUQICHECHEXINGSHANG。

YOUYUANJIANDEZHUJICHANGHECAILIAOCHANGSHANGYIJINGJIJIXINGDONGQILAILE，WEILEGAISHANCHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGERNULI，TONGSHIYESHIYINGDEXIAOFEIZHERENTONGDEYIJILIANGYAO。WEICI，YUELAIYUEDUODEZHUJICHANGHECAILIAOCHANGSHANGYIJINGGENJIN，XIANGXINZAIBUJIU，YEJIUSHI《CHENGYONGCHENEIKONGQIZHILIANGPINGJIAZHINAN》QIANGZHISHISHIDENEIYITIAN，XINCHUCHANGDEQICHEJIANGHUIYIQUANXINDEZITAIYINGJIEXIAOFEIZHE。

对于已购车的车主，如何改善车内空气质量？

SUIRANWOGUOMEIYOUDEGUOQIANGZHIGUIDINGDECHELIANGXIAOSHOUQIANBIXUYOUYOUDUKONGQISHIFANGQI，XIAMIANSHIYIXIETUIJIANFANGFA，NENGGOUZAIXIANYOUDEQINGKUANGXIABANGZHUCHEZHUGAISHANYIXIACHENEIKONGQIZHILIANG。

名称	处理措施	实例效果
通风法	应经常打开车门唤起，如有天窗，鼓励经常使用天窗
竹炭法	竹炭能够吸附空气中的甲醛等部分有害物质
净化器	在车内备一个空气净化器，定期净化空气

更多改善现有汽车车内空气质量请见十六妙招还你清新车内空气

笔者小记：笔者衷心的希望我国的《乘用车内空气质量评价指南》能够早日成为《乘用车内空气质量评价标准》，强制实施，从原材料、零部件方面各个环节细化控制车内空气污染的问题，严格守护消费者的健康。同时这也会提升整个中国汽车制造业水平，对于中国汽车走向世界，将具有巨大的推动力。

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